Sainte-Marie among the Hurons 桑達瑪莉民族村

Sainte-Marie among the Hurons was the first European community built on the bank of the Wye River of Midland in Ontario. 400 years ago, French Jesuit missionaries decided to preach Christianity to the Hurons and they believed education is the best means for preaching and therefore planned to develop a christian headquarter in Wendake, the ancestral home of the Huron Wendate nation here in Midland.

In 1639, French Jesuit missionaries came to Wye River where the Hurons lived and built church, workshops, residential buildings and temporary shelters for the natives. In 1648, there were already 66 French people settling in this area, comprising 1/5 of the total French population. Jesuits' preaching Christianity to Hurons eventually led to the internal conflict of the Hurons tribe. Part of the tribes followed Christianity and the other insisted on their traditional belief of the tribe. The breakdown of the tribe had intensified the hatred toward the Jesuit missionaries. In 1649, the widespread of cow pox in the area and the attack of the internal war made the Jesuit missionaries, their helpers, and Wendat followers burried the settlement and abandoned it.

The ruins of the Sainte-Marie lay undisturbed for almost three centuries. In 1844 Jesuit Fr. Pierre Chazelle conducted initial site excavation. In 1940 the Society of Jesus purchased the property where Sainte-Marie stood. In 1954, Fr. Dennis Hegarty discovered the graves of martyrs Brebeuf and Lalemant.

Archaeological excavations and historical research provided the information to accurately reconstruct many of the original mission buildings seen here today. Sainte-Marie becomes the prominent religious and historical landmark attracting millions of visitors from the world. In 1984, Sainte-Marie adjacent to the Martyr's Shrine was visited by Pope John Paul II as part of his papal visit to Canada. 

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Photo equipment:
Nikon D300s with GPS
AF-S DX Zoom-NIKKOR 17-55mm f/2.8G IF-ED
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桑達瑪莉位於安省米蘭惠河河畔的第一個歐洲法裔的小社區。四百年前，法國傳教士，要向曉倫族人傳揚天主教義，認為利用教育，可以有效傳道，因此，決定在這裡建立傳教的總部。1639年法國的耶穌會教士便來到惠河曉倫族的地方開始建立教堂、修造廠、住宅和為當地來訪的土著建立了臨時居所。到1648年，已經有66位法國裔的人士在這裡定居，佔了全部法裔人口的五分之一。傳教士向曉倫族人傳教，導致族人的內部分裂，一部份願意追隨傳教士，奉信天主教，另一部份則堅持要保存曉倫族的傳統思想，因此形成部族分裂的情況愈加嚴重，傳統族人更仇視傳教士。1649年，由於天花傳染病的傳播和族裔的內戰，傳教士要被逼放棄已建立十年的傳教小社區，燒燬並離開整個桑蓬瑪莉，這個傳教的社區歷史便到此終結了！八個傳教士在一場土著和溫特族人中的戰爭中被殺害。1930年，羅馬天主教皇便封了這八位傳教士為殉道聖人。 

經過長期的考古發掘和硏究，1844年耶穌會傳教士皮爾•查錫爾在桑達瑪莉遺址進行第一次考古發掘。1940年耶穌會更收購了桑達瑪莉遺址，並且進行深入的考古探察。1954年，哈格地神甫發掘了巴布和立芒兩位殉道者的墳墓。 

現在，桑達瑪莉遺址經過重建，所有建築物皆依照當年的位置和外貌重現四百年前的天主教傳道中心，成為加拿大著名的活動的宗教和歷史的博物館，吸引世界各地的逰客慕名而來。1984年，教宗保祿二世更親訪桑達瑪莉遺址。

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【Mission Buildings ● 朝聖之地】

1. Sainte-Marie among the Hurons is the first European community built in 400 years ago.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/320 sec, ISO 200
曉倫族的桑薘瑪莉民族村是重現四百年前的第一個歐洲法國裔的民族村。

2. A wooden bridge runs across the Wye River beside the historical site of Sainte-Marie.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/6.3, 1/640 sec, ISO 200
民族村建在惠河河畔，有小木橋橫跨河上。

3. Open space for village activity
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/8000 sec, ISO 800
村內的活動場地

4. A historical view of the village
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/3.5, 1/6400 sec, ISO 800
時光倒流的一瞥

5. Historical village in an afternoon
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @18mm, f/3.5, 1/8000 sec, ISO 200
午後的民族村

6. Door and window
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/4.5, 1/4000 sec, ISO 800
門與窗

7. An ancient fireplace excavated
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/640 sec, ISO 200
民族村內出土的古代壁爐遺址

8. Looking through the sky
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @18mm, f/2.8, 1/8000 sec, ISO 800
窗外天

9. The towers of the Martyrs' Shrine are seen in distance behind the village
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @40mm, f/8, 1/800 sec, ISO 200
可見米蘭殉道聖人教堂的塔頂

10. A cocoon house
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/10, 1/160 sec, ISO 200
繭屋

11. Inside the cocoon
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/10, 1/13 sec, ISO 800
繭屋陳設

12. A long house dwelt by the Hurons
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/10, 1/80 sec, ISO 200
曉倫族人居住的長屋

13. Smoke inside the Long House
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/50 sec, ISO 1000
長屋內的熏煙設施

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【Daily Food ● 我日用糧】

14. 60% of the main food for the Hurons belongs to dry corns.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @26mm, f/2.8, 1/50 sec, ISO 200
粟米佔了日常百份之六十食糧，是曉倫族人的主要食物。

15. The corns are dried and grinded for their daily food gradients.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @35mm, f/5, 1/80 sec, ISO 400
將粟米曬乾，再磨成粟米粉，是日用食糧的材料。

16. Dry corns and chickens
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @24mm, f/3.5, 1/40 sec, ISO 800
晾曬的粟米和雞隻

17. Vegetation yard
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/6.3, 1/640 sec, ISO 200
種植場

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【Elegant Images ● 窗前倩影】

18. Smile
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @20mm, f/2.8, 1/800 sec, ISO 800
微笑

19. Preparing meal
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @23mm, f/2.8, 1/640 sec, ISO 800
準備午饍

20. Elegant Image
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倩影

21. Concentration
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @55mm, f/3.5, 1/200 sec, ISO 800
專心

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【Mission Facilities ● 生活設施】

22. A simple setup of a Jesuit's bedroom.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/8 sec, ISO 800
耶穌會傳教士當年的簡陋寢室

23. An altar of a chapel
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @28mm, f/2.8, 1/125 sec, ISO 800
教堂的祭台

24. Goldsmith
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/4.5, 1/25 sec, ISO 800
五金鑄造

25. A waterway for the canoe
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/320 sec, ISO 200
村內設有獨木舟行駛的水道

26. A small pier at the end of the waterway
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/320 sec, ISO 200
水道盡頭的小碼頭

27. A water-gate
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/30 sec, ISO 200
人工水閘

28. Visitors listened to the story of the site
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/800 sec, ISO 200
遊客正在聆聽導賞員的講解

29. A presentation of the sailing on the waterway back to 400 years ago.
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/9, 1/160 sec, ISO 200
重演四百年前族人乘坐獨木舟抵達小村的情景。

30. An ancient hospital
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/30 sec, ISO 1000
古代醫務所

31. An ancient hospital
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/15 sec, ISO 1000
醫院

32. Cemetery
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/2.8, 1/6400 sec, ISO 1000
墓地

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【Living Activities ● 日常活動】

33. A Jesuit missinary
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/3.5, 1/6400 sec, ISO 800
耶穌會傳教士

34. Setting fire
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @45mm, f/3.5, 1/5000 sec, ISO 800
生火

35. Preparing for the meal
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @55mm, f/9, 1/250 sec, ISO 250
煮食

36. The tour guide in traditional costume
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @55mm, f/8, 1/80 sec, ISO 200
身穿古服的導賞員

37. The life of the Hurons in 400 years
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @32mm, f/10, 1/200 sec, ISO 200
重現四百年前曉倫民族村的生活

38. A live history of the Hurons
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @19mm, f/10, 1/500 sec, ISO 200
生活的記錄

39. Outside the church
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @17mm, f/10, 1/60 sec, ISO 200
教堂外

40. Building a canoe
Nikon D300s, 17-55mm f/2.8 @38mm, f/10, 1/30 sec, ISO 200
小艇製作

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GPS Coordinates
Latitude: 44.733865° N 
Longitude: 79.843167° W